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The value of automation and robots in most manufacturing industries keeps growing. Industrial robots have replaced people within a wide array of industries. Robots beat humans in jobs that want precision, speed, endurance and reliability. Robots safely perform dirty and dangerous jobs. Traditional manufacturing robotic applications include material handling (pick and put), assembling, painting, welding, packaging, palletizing, product inspection and testing. Industrial robots are employed inside a diverse array of industries including automotive, electronics, medical, food production, biotech, pharmaceutical and machinery.

The ISO definition of a manipulating industrial robot is "an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose manipulator". In accordance with the definition it can be fixed available or mobile to be used in industrial automation applications. These industrial robots are programmable in 3 or more axes. They’re multi-functional tools that could be custom-built and programmed to perform various operations.

The most important benefits associated with industrial robots is because might be programmed to suit industry specific requirements and may work continuously for a long time, consistently meeting high manufacturing quality standards. The economic expected life associated with an industrial robot is approximately 12-16 years. Because of their persistent accuracy industrial robots are getting to be an indispensable a part of manufacturing.

Industrial robots has sorted out into different categories depending on their mechanical structure. The key kinds of industrial robots are:

Gantry (Cartesian) Robot: They may be stationary robots having three portions of motion. They work from an overhead grid having a rectangular work envelope. They are mainly employed to perform ‘pick and place’ actions. Gantry robots supply their axes higher than the work causing them to be also perfect for dispensing applications.

SCARA Robots: (Selectively Compliant Articulated Robot Arm) These robots have 4 axes of motion. They move in the x-y-z coordinated circular work envelope. They are utilised for factory automation requiring pick and put work, application and assembly operations and handling machine tools.

Articulated robots: An articulated robot has rotary joints. It can have from two to ten or higher interactive joints. Articulated robots are suited to welding, painting and assembly.

Basic industrial robot designs could be customized with the help of different peripherals. End effectors, optical systems, and motion controllers are crucial add-ons. End effectors will be the end-of-arm-tooling (EOAT) attached with robotic arms. Grippers or wrenches which are utilized to move or assemble parts are types of end effectors. End effectors are made and utilized to sense and interact with the external environment. The end effectors’ design depends on the application requirements of the specific industry. Machine Vision systems are robotic optical systems. They are built-on digital input/output devices and computer networks used to control other manufacturing equipment including robotic arms. Machine vision can be used for that inspection of manufactured goods such as semiconductor chips. Motion controllers are utilized to move robots and position stages smoothly and accurately with sub-micron repeatability.

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