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The significance of automation and robots in all manufacturing industries continues to grow. Industrial robots have replaced individuals inside a wide range of industries. Robots out perform humans in jobs that want precision, speed, endurance and reliability. Robots safely perform dirty and dangerous jobs. Traditional manufacturing robotic applications include material handling (pick and set), assembling, painting, welding, packaging, palletizing, product inspection and testing. Industrial robots are widely-used inside a diverse variety of industries including automotive, electronics, medical, food production, biotech, pharmaceutical and machinery.

The ISO concise explaination a manipulating industrial robot is "an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose manipulator". In line with the definition it could be fixed in place or mobile to be used in industrial automation applications. These industrial robots are programmable in three or more axes. They are multi-functional devices that could be custom-built and programmed to perform a selection of operations.

The main advantages of industrial robots is because could be designed to suit industry specific requirements and may work continuously for decades, consistently meeting high manufacturing quality standards. The economic expected life of your industrial robot is approximately 12-16 years. Because of their persistent accuracy industrial robots are getting to be an essential a part of manufacturing.

Industrial robots are classified into different categories based on their mechanical structure. The main categories of industrial robots are:

Gantry (Cartesian) Robot: They are stationary robots having three elements of motion. They work from an overhead grid which has a rectangular work envelope. They’re mainly utilized to perform ‘pick and place’ actions. Gantry robots have all their axes above the work causing them to be also perfect for dispensing applications.

SCARA Robots: (Selectively Compliant Articulated Robot Arm) These robots have 4 axes of movement. They move in a x-y-z coordinated circular work envelope. They are utilized for factory automation requiring pick and place work, application and assembly operations and handling machine tools.

Articulated robots: An articulated robot has rotary joints. It may have from two to ten or higher interactive joints. Articulated robots are well suited to welding, painting and assembly.

Basic industrial robot designs may be customized by building different peripherals. End effectors, optical systems, and motion controllers are essential add-ons. End effectors are the end-of-arm-tooling (EOAT) mounted on robotic arms. Grippers or wrenches which are accustomed to move or assemble parts are examples of end effectors. End effectors were created and used to sense and connect to the external environment. The end effectors’ design is dependent upon the application form requirements in the specific industry. Machine Vision systems are robotic optical systems. They’re built-on digital input/output devices and computer networks used to control other manufacturing equipment such as robotic arms. Machine vision is utilized to the inspection of manufactured goods such as semiconductor chips. Motion controllers are utilized to move robots and position stages smoothly and accurately with sub-micron repeatability.

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