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The importance of automation and robots in every manufacturing industries continues to grow. Industrial robots have replaced individuals within a wide range of industries. Robots beat humans in jobs that want precision, speed, endurance and reliability. Robots safely perform dirty and dangerous jobs. Traditional manufacturing robotic applications include material handling (pick and put), assembling, painting, welding, packaging, palletizing, product inspection and testing. Industrial robots are utilized in the diverse variety of industries including automotive, electronics, medical, food production, biotech, pharmaceutical and machinery.

The ISO concise explaination a manipulating industrial robot is "an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose manipulator". In accordance with the definition it could be fixed set up or mobile for usage in industrial automation applications. These industrial robots are programmable in several axes. They are multi-functional tools which can be custom-built and set to carry out a number of operations.

The main advantages of industrial robots is because may be developed to suit industry specific requirements and can work continuously for many years, consistently meeting high manufacturing quality standards. The economical expected life of your industrial robot is around 12-16 years. Due to their persistent accuracy industrial robots are getting to be variety portion of manufacturing.

Industrial robots has sorted out into different categories determined by their mechanical structure. The major kinds of industrial robots are:

Gantry (Cartesian) Robot: They’re stationary robots having three portions of motion. They work from an overhead grid which has a rectangular work envelope. They are mainly used to perform ‘pick and place’ actions. Gantry robots have all their axes above the work which makes them also well suited for dispensing applications.

SCARA Robots: (Selectively Compliant Articulated Robot Arm) These robots have 4 axes to move. They move within an x-y-z coordinated circular work envelope. They are used for factory automation requiring pick and set work, application and assembly operations and handling machine tools.

Articulated robots: An articulated robot has rotary joints. It may have from two to 10 or higher interactive joints. Articulated robots are well worthy of welding, painting and assembly.

Basic industrial robot designs could be customized by having different peripherals. End effectors, optical systems, and motion controllers are essential add-ons. End effectors would be the end-of-arm-tooling (EOAT) attached to robotic arms. Grippers or wrenches which might be accustomed to move or assemble parts are examples of end effectors. End effectors are designed and accustomed to sense and communicate with the external environment. The finish effectors’ design is dependent upon the application form requirements of the specific industry. Machine Vision systems are robotic optical systems. They may be built-on digital input/output devices and computer networks accustomed to control other manufacturing equipment for example robotic arms. Machine vision is utilized for the inspection of product which for example semiconductor chips. Motion controllers are utilized to move robots and position stages smoothly and accurately with sub-micron repeatability.

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